ECON 4131, International Finance, Spring 2002, Exam 3 Final Essay examp

Final Exam Questions -- Economics 4131, Spring 20061. Explain how the luxurious standard operated in the classical period (1870-1914). What werethe advantages and disadvantages? Some say the gold standard sacrificed internal balanceto external balance. How? What were the rules of the game and what would go alongwhen they were violated? What would happen when the demand for monetary gold rosefaster than the supply, and why was this a problem?2. Explain the functioning of the Bretton Woods currency arrangement. Why was itdesigned as it was? What strains appeared over time, and what factors led to its collapse?What was Triffins dilemma?3. Use the national income accounting identity to explain the phenomenon of twindeficits. Explain how the surge in the U.S. financial deficit has spilled into a need forinternational finance. What are the current sources of this finance? Describe the dilemmafacing the Asian central banks. Describe the hard come scenario. What needs to bedone to ensure a soft landing?4. Explain step-by-step why and how a central bank might w...

Analysis of Pauls Case by Willa Cather Essay example -- Pauls Case W

Analysis of Pauls Case by Willa Cather Willa Cathers Pauls Case is a narrative about a young 16 year-old man, Paul, who is motherless and alienated. Pauls lack of maternal care has led to his lunacy. He searches for the aesthetics in animation that that he doesnt get from his yellow wallpaper in his house and his detached, overpowering father figure in his life. Paul doesnt have any interests in school and his only happiness is in working at Carnegie Hall and dreams of one-day living the luxurious life in New York City. Paul surrounds himself with the aesthetics of music and the rich and wealthy, as a means to escape his true reality. In Pauls true reality he has a lack of interest in school. His disinterest in school stems from the alienation and isolation he has in life. This disinterest in school reflects Pauls alienation because of the unusual attention he receives there that he doesnt get at home. In class one day he was at the blackboard and his English teacher had s tepped to his side and attempted to guide his hand (Cather 1). Paul, at the moment of being touched, stepped backwards suddenly and put his hands behind his back. In other classes he looks out the window during lectures and pays little attention to his teachers lessons. Paul, growing up without a mother figure in his life, is unaccustomed to any affection or care from his teachers that mothers tend to give. Therefore, his alienation is portrayed in his attitude toward school, and the fore...

Bible :: essays research papers

Childc be Management Business people love to create new opportunities, ideas, and products to make a profit. When Americas straines added women to their workforce and with the rise of single-parent ho workholds, the ingest for child care arose, which is a wonderful business opportunity for those people who see the need for affordable quality childcare and are able to envision innovative ways to provide this service. The adequacy or lack of quality childcare affects society as well as the businesses employing those who use childcare services.I picked the topic of childcare management because in the future I ask to be an entrepreneur in the childcare industry. I want to research the childcare field as much as possible to learn about the unique opportunities and challenges I will face as a new business owner in the childcare industry.The business of childcare is a national problem. There are several reasons for the lack of good, affordable childcare in most communities. The lack of childcare affects the success or failure of businesses and their employees with children younger than schoolage.Some workplaces offer childcare but at such a price or with such bad service that the workers dont want to leave their children. Some parents are forced, due to the lack of a worthy childcare facility, to leave their children unattended. Others make the decision to quit the workforce to care for their children.Another reason for the need of good of childcare facilities is the lack of adequate teachers and employee disorder in the childcare industry. This is due to lower pay, usually minimum wage, and the challenges of keeping the worker/child ratio at or greater than the law requires with the business remaining profitable. Many of the workers leave the industry in order to find better paying or less stressful jobs. Regardless of the reasons childcare is needed. It is needed. We need the support of the government, corporate America, and the childrens families to produce p ositive results for the communities. With the advancement of both single and second income parents into the workplace, there is a growing need for quality childcare. This could be seen as not just nine to five childcare but, childcare that could be needed day or night since corporate America runs 20 four hours a day, seven days a week.Some parents would rather work in their chosen careers and enroll their children in daycare rather than neglect the income and care for the children themselves.

Emily Grierson Living in the Past in William Faulkners A Rose for Emil

Emily Grierson Living in the Past in William Faulkners A rosebush for Emily In A Rose for Emily, by William Faulkner, Emily Grierson seems to be living with her father in what people referred to as the old South. However, most of the story takes place after the Civil War, but Miss Emily is clearly living in the past. As connoisseur Frederick Thum pointed out, Many people are able to survive in the present, but give little or no thought to the future, and these people usually defy in the past. Such a mind is the mind of Miss Emily Grierson...(1). Miss Emilys comprehension of terminal, her relationship with the townspeople, and her reaction toward her taxes are clear examples that she is living in the past. At the beginning of the story, the narrator tells the reader that our whole town went to her funeral(336). The narrator goes on and informs the reader that, She was a fallen monument...sig a tradition, a duty and a care a sort of hereditary obligation upon this town(Pierce 850) . Miss Emily was referred to as a fallen monument because she was a monument of Southern gentility, and ideal of past values but fallen because she had shown herself susceptible to death (and decay (Rodriguez 1). By the time of Emilys death most of the people in her town were younger than she and had never been able to include her in their lives or federation activities. She has stood mainly as a example of an erstwhile(a) ideal of Southern womanhood, even though she had grown fat and pale in her later years. The older and younger generations of townspeople treated Miss Emily differently. The older generation, under the mayoralty of Colonel Sartois, has relieved Miss Emily of her taxes and has sent its children to take... ...licts between them. Her refusal or inability to move out of this introduction is reflected in her comprehension of death, her relationship with the townspeople, and her reaction toward her taxes. Works Cited and Consulted Faulkner, William. A Rose For Emily Literature and the Writing Process Eds. Elizabeth McMahan, Susan X Day, and Robert Funk. 4th Ed.Upper Saddle River Prentince Hall, 1996. Pierce, Constance, William Faulkner. small Survey of Short Fiction Ed. Frank N. MaGill. 7 vols. Pasadena, California Salem Press, 1993 848-857. Rodriquez,Celia. An Analysis of A Rose for Emily. 9 Sept. 1996. 17 Mar. 1998 http//www.cwrl.utexas.edu/daniel/amlit/reader/South?radriquezerose.html Them, Frederick. A Rose for Emily Confusion of Past and Present. 2 Oct. 1995. 17 Mar.1998 http//sru.ocs.drexel.edu.undergrad/st93mey7/fred/rose.html

What achieving a degree means to me :: essays research papers

What achieving a degree means to meHello my name is ______________ I am a twenty nine year senile married mother of two. Ive been married for twelve historic period and I have an eight years old boy and a two years old girl. Since I was nineteen years old in the f all told of 1991 Ive attempted to earn a college degree attending first Tarrant County lower-ranking College and second Weatherford College stop and starting back a deduce several times over the years trying to reach my goal. In the summer of 1995 when my oldest was two my economize and I moved our mobile home on to new land, which required my assistance helping out financially. I started working for a great accompany that I loved, Auto Rail Services of Texas they are an afflation of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway were I worked part time in the evenings doing data entry. Six months later(prenominal) I started working full time as the assistant office manager in charge of the day-to-day operations. I was sent to Tarrant County Junior College to gain a certificate in Microsoft Office applications. I continued to advance with in the company and enjoyed working there but in the July of 1998 the company suffered financially when Ford Motor Company moved there business to Union Pacific Railway, which caused downsizing in the company I was laid off. I contemplated breathing out back to school after this but couldnt financially afford to stop working full time. The following October I became pregnant with our second babe and after her birth my husband and I decided to downsize our financial situation so that I could remain home with the baby. When the child was seven months old I took a part time position in my aunts security company where I assisted in the office and was able to bring my child with me. non long after my aunts company was forced to go out of business, which caused me to relay on unemployment compensation, threw Texas Workforce Commission there I was informed I could take back to college and receive assistance with childcare. I began all the necessary proceedings for the program and was informed before I could actually get the assistance I would get to pass the TASP test a mandatory test required before you are eligible to receive a degree in the State of Texas. Having passed all but the math section of the test I decided I would take a preparatory tasp math class.

What achieving a degree means to me :: essays research papers

What achieving a degree means to meHello my name is ______________ I am a twenty nine year honest-to-goodness married mother of two. Ive been married for twelve years and I have an eight years old boy and a two years old girl. Since I was nineteen years old in the f alone of 1991 Ive attempted to earn a college degree attending first Tarrant County immature College and second Weatherford College stop and starting back a do good several times over the years trying to reach my goal. In the summer of 1995 when my oldest was two my economize and I moved our mobile home on to new land, which required my assistance helping out financially. I started working for a great smart set that I loved, Auto Rail Services of Texas they are an afflation of Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway were I worked part time in the evenings doing data entry. Six months after I started working full time as the assistant office manager in charge of the day-to-day operations. I was sent to Tarrant County Ju nior College to gain a certificate in Microsoft Office applications. I continued to advance with in the company and enjoyed working there but in the July of 1998 the company suffered financially when Ford Motor Company moved there business to Union Pacific Railway, which caused downsizing in the company I was laid off. I contemplated overtaking back to school after this but couldnt financially afford to stop working full time. The following October I became pregnant with our second pip-squeak and after her birth my husband and I decided to downsize our financial situation so that I could remain home with the baby. When the child was seven months old I took a part time position in my aunts security company where I assisted in the office and was able to bring my child with me. not long after my aunts company was forced to go out of business, which caused me to relay on unemployment compensation, threw Texas Workforce Commission there I was informed I could feed to college and recei ve assistance with childcare. I began all the necessary proceedings for the program and was informed before I could actually get the assistance I would unavoidableness to pass the TASP test a mandatory test required before you are eligible to receive a degree in the State of Texas. Having passed all but the math section of the test I decided I would take a preparatory tasp math class.

From good to evil in The Lord of the Flies Essay

The cleric of the Flies by William Golding is tale of a group of young boys who become stranded on a decrepit island after their plane crashes. Intertwined in this classic novel ar many themes, most that relate to the subjective evil that exists in all human bes and the despiteful nature of mankind. In The Lord of the Flies, Golding shows the boys gradual transformation from being civilized, well-mannered people to woman chaser, ritualistic beasts. From the time that the boys land on the island, both a advocate struggle and the first signs of the boys evil, Piggys mockery, occur.After blowing the conch and summoning all the boys to come for an assembly, an election is held. I ought to be chief , verbalise manual laborer with frank arrogance, because Im chapter chorister and head boy(page 22). This represents the beginning of civilization in all of the kids (which is changed later. ) After Ralph is Chief, seaman envies his position and constantly struggles for power with Ralph throughout the rest of the novel, convert the rest of the boys to join his tribe rather than to stay with Ralph.Also, soon after the boys arrive at the island, Piggy, a weak character, is mocked by the other boys. After arduous to recount all of the liluns names, Piggy is told to Shut up, Fatty, by Jack. Ralph remarks by saying, Hes not Fatty. His real names Piggy. All of the boys on the island, pull for Piggy, laugh and make themselves more comfortable at Piggys expense. A storm of laughter arose and even the tiniest child joined in. For a chip the boys were a closed circuit of sympathy with Piggy outside(page 21). That quote shows that they are starting to become uncivilized.The boys become more comfortable with one other after Piggys mockery and create a bond, leaving Piggy on the outside. Along with inherent evil, man is to a fault capable of being good and kind. While Jack and Ralph are exploring the island, they encounter a piglet which Jack supposedly attempts to k ill. After gaining the courage to kill the baby pig, Jack talks about it by saying I was just waiting for a moment to decide where to stab him (page 31). This event clearly illustrates the good in Jack, since he is hesitant to kill something.Jack almost couldnt kill the pig, because he felt bad doing it.. Jacks mercy is short-lived, however, and when they encounter another pig, Jack and his rangeers are relentless. They return to beach ritualistically chanting Kill the pig. Cut her throat. Spill her blood, where they excitedly explain the details of the hunt. I cut the pigs throat, said Jack, proudly, and yet twitched as he said it (page 69). Jack is internally struggling between his civilized teachings and savage instincts in this example, in which he both proudly exclaims his murder and twitches while doing so.Another example of the boys inherent evil is the brutal murder of the set out. Without any regard for the sows newborns, Jack commands his tribe to invade it. The boys hurled themselves at her. This dreadful eruption from an unknown world made her frantic she squealed and bucked and the air was full of sweat and noise and blood and terror (page 135). The weird air of the boys in this example show that evil is starting to drive into them. After the death of the sow, the boys play with its blood and ritualistically celebrate their kill. The boys show no mercy for the sow and behave like savages.The murder of the sow allows the boys to revert back to their evilness and lose all traces of guilt and conscience. Ralph shows fatigue, a good causer of anger and dislike. He momentarily forgets the reasons why the signal fire is so important. He tried to remember. Smoke, he said, we want smoke. Course we have. The smokes a signal and we cant be rescued if we dont have smoke. I knew that shouted Ralph (page 172). Ralph begins to lose his initial cheerfulness and enthusiasm and replaces it with disinterest and hate. Piggy and Ralph separate themselves from Jack and his tribe.However, when Jack and his tribe kill a pig and invite Ralph and Piggy to join their feast, the two accept and cannot resist the temptation of the meat. Later on in the celebration, Jack and his tribe perform a ritualistic dance, in which Piggy and Ralph later join. Piggy and Ralph, under the threat of the sky, found themselves eager to take a place in this demented but partly secure society (page 152). They realize that the dance fueled the boys to murder Simon, and later deny their participation in it. We left early, said Piggy quickly, because we were tired (page 158).Ralph and Piggy recognize the evil in the dance, and know that if the others found out about their participation in it, because the boys would claim that Piggy and Ralph would be going against their own beliefs. Also, by not admitting their partaking in the dance, Piggy and Ralph are denying their involvement in Simons murder and their inherent evil. They do not believe that evil exists within th em and believe that it will disappear if they do not believe in it. Simon and Ralph represent goodness and reason, and both encounter the Lord of the Flies.The Lord of the Flies is the head of a pig which is sacrificially given to the beast in order to preserve the boys safety. Simon is the first to talk with the Lord of the Flies ,and when he does, he learns that the beast (evil) is not in an animal out in the woods, but in the boys themselves. Fancy you thinking the Beast was something you could hunt and kill. You knew didnt you? Im part of you, (page 143) says the Lord of the Flies to Simon. The Lord of the Flies even says that the Beast is part of Simon, the symbol of goodness, suggesting that all human beings are born with both some evil and goodness.Later on while Ralph is fleeing from Jack and his tribe, he stumbles upon the Lord of the Flies. Little prickles of sensation ran up and down his back. The teething grinned, the empty sockets seemed to hold his gaze masterfully an d without effort (page 185). Soon after, Ralph hits the pigs head and smashes it into pieces. By destroying the Lord of the Flies, Ralph denies his internal evil and primitive instincts. The remnant between Ralphs and Simons encounter with the Lord of the Flies is that Simon accepts The Lord of the Flies and listens intently to what it is saying to him.However, Ralph destroys it and then walks away from it. Both Ralphs and Simons experience with the Lord of the Flies states that all men are capable of evil, and that evil is in all humans. The Lord of the Flies illustrates the capabilities of evil in all things. All of the boys on the island are tempted by evil, but not all of them give in to the craving. However, along with the evil that lies within all people, there is also a little bit of goodness, suggesting that all people have the free will to choose their destiny. The book clearly shows how people can turn into savage beasts.

Medicine Sketch Essay

That service is the noblest which is rendered for its own sake. Mahatma Gandhi. Humans existence on the earth is always full of massive pleasures and sorrows, strengths and weaknesses and health and illnesses, like the day and the night these happenings are inherent in everyones bearing cycle. It is silver lining that there are noble mickle who work all their lives to mitigate the sufferings of the others. Among them, the profession of medicine is perhaps most respected for their service to clubhouse. My desire to become a doctor dates back to when I was in Preparatory School. Although as a young child, I did not quite understand what doctors essentially do. My desire heightened by the numerous amounts of sick pot I came across. As I grew up, I steadily understood what it entailed be a doctor and that strengthened my desire even more. When I was nine age old, my grandfather suffered from Lung cancer. This resulted in my mother making endless trips to the hospital to visit hi m. Occasionally, she would take me along, and the condition my grandfather was in, mortified me.He always seemed to be in too much pain and as I was young and eager to learn more, I asked a lot of questions as to uncover why my grandfather was undergoing so much pain. My mother always tried to encourage me, by telling me that the doctors will make sure that my grandfather pulls through his sickness. This gave me some soul of hope and made me believe that doctors always saved animateness. That is when my dream of becoming a doctor started as I was pestering my mother with many questions concerning being a doctor. I want to become a doctor to be able to help people who are less fortunate in society. This savvy is inspired by the plight of people who live in Jamaica and are not able to afford the funds to seek quality medical care. In addition, Jamaica is usually susceptible to diseases.Those affected most are small children, and my love and compassion for them makes me want to beco me a doctor so that I king be able to help them. Many children in Jamaica need to undergo surgery but because their parents lack funds to support them, they spend the rest of their life suffering in pain. I believe in being courteous to fellow human beings, and since God wants us to love and care for one another, I want to become a doctor so that I can make people with such illness smile their brightest and warmest smile again.Upon completing 60hrs of friendship service at the Black River Hospital and 118.5 hrs at Thames Medical Center, the sight of the patients suffering has strengthened my hearts yearning to do my part in society to help individuals in great anguish. I would like to dedicate my life to the service of helping the sick and suffering, by becoming a doctor I would fulfill this unfathomable desire. I would like to help relieve the sufferings and pain of mankind not only as a healer, but also as a friend, supporting them in their toughest moments, and as a mentor, gui ding them to live healthy lifestyles. Becoming a doctor would help me to strive to make the life of others better and healthier. Doctors are meant to be selfless, in a position to serve people without being greedy for money as it is a form of openhanded back to society.

Monomyth

The fiddling Mermaid Up where they walk, up where they run, up where they stay all day in the sun. global free, wish I could be, part of that world. Ariel sings this in the beginning of The Little Mermaid after an adventure with Flounder. She wishes to be a human with legs and live the way the humans do. The Little Mermaid is an example of a monomyth, also called a lordly verse adventure. Ariel may not seem like a so-called-typical-hero with bug out the majority of the movie, but she has her own heroic ways.Three characteristics of a hero are a remark open birth, troubled childhood, and being able to rely on virtuosos natural strength. Ariel grows up with several sisters, no obtain and a father who is the king of the sea, King Triton. She was miserable being a mermaid and k spick-and-span that she had to find her own way to escape the sea. Ariels call to adventure began when one night, Ariel, Flounder and an unwilling Sebastian travel to the ocean surface to watch a celebratio n for the birthday of Prince Eric on a ship, with whom Ariel falls in love with.In the ensuing storm the ship is destroyed and Ariel saves the unconscious Eric from drowning. Ariel sings to him, but quickly leaves as soon as he regains consciousness to avoid being discovered. Fascinated by the memory of her voice, Eric vows to find who saved and sung to him and Ariel vows to find a way to join him and his world. Her option then comes along and is given to her by the sea hag, Ursulas, electric eels, Flotsam and Jetsam. They give her the option to come with them to Ursula who can change Ariel into a human, or she can stay and be miserable her whole life.In every heroic adventure the main hero needs to receive help along his/her journey. Ursula makes a deal with Ariel to transform her into a human for three days in exchange for Ariels voice When Ursula used her magic to turn Ariel into a human and take away her voice that was Ariels supernatural aid because it caused her to be able t o go and win Erics heart. But its also bittersweet because Ariel must receive the kiss of true love from Eric otherwise, she will transform keister into a mermaid and belong to Ursula. Ariels quest is forthwith in motion and she must find Eric.Instead Eric finds Ariel on the beach and takes her to his castle. Ariel spends time with Eric, and at the end of the min day, they almost kiss but Flotsam and Jetsam flip their boat and ruin it. That was Ariels first obstacle. Ursula then disguises herself as a beautiful infantile woman named Vanessa and appears onshore singing with Ariels voice. Eric recognizes the song and, in her disguise, Ursula casts a hypnotic enchantment on Eric to make him forget about Ariel. The next day, Ariel finds out that Eric will be married to the disguised Ursula.Scuttle discovers that Vanessa is Ursula in disguise, and informs Ariel who immediately goes after the wedding barge. This is Ariels second obstacle. Sebastian informs Triton, and Scuttle disrupts the wedding with the help of various animals. In the chaos, the nautilus shell around Ursulas neck is broken, restoring Ariels voice and breaking Ursulas enchantment over Eric. Eric rushes to kiss her, but the sun sets and Ariel transforms back into a mermaid. Ursula reveals herself and kidnaps Ariel. Ariel now faces her final test.Triton confronts Ursula and demands Ariels release, but the deal is inviolable. At Ursulas urging, the king agrees to take Ariels place as Ursulas prisoner. Ariel is released as Triton transforms into a polyp and loses his authority over Atlantica. Ursula declares herself the new ruler and a struggle ensues in which Ursula accidentally kills Flotsam and Jetsam. In her rage, Ursula uses the trident to grow to monstrous proportions. Ariel and Eric reunite on the surface just before Ursula grows historic and towers the two.She then gains full control of the entire ocean, creating a storm with a maelstrom and shipwrecks, one of which Eric commandeers. As U rsula attempts to destroy a trapped Ariel in the maelstrom, Eric runs Ursula through the abdomen with the ships splintered bowsprit killing her. Ursulas power breaks, causing Triton and all the other polyps in Ursulas garden to revert back into their original forms. Realizing that Ariel truly loves Eric, Triton volitionally changes her from a mermaid into a human. Ariel and Eric marry on a ship and depart.

Leadership Interview Paper Essay

I interviewed Becky Hendrix, Executive Director for Professional Cargon Services. I recently had the honor of interviewing someone in our community who has had more(prenominal) than twenty years of leadership experience in our community. The interview ended up taking much longer than I expected because I was so influenced by what she had to say, I did not want to miss anything. Mrs. Becky Hendrix started her c areer as a CPA back in the 80s for the World pretension Press. Her leadership abilities were quickly realized, and she was promoted to head CPA. From there she moved on to the Professional Care Service where she remained for fifteen years serving as a CPA, and lastly working her way up to the Executive Director. Becky was in charge of over 187 employees. My conversation with Becky took a direction that I did not expect. She attri moreoveres her success to the leadership traits that she has wise to(p) over the years, and quoted many of the very ideas and theories almost verba tim from our class lecture. That was an incredible experience to witness firsthand how these traits become behaviors and practices.Through show up the course of our interview, Becky displace aside the history of her leadership experience, and pointed start how she has learned many of her characteristics from watching other tribe. Becky heavily noted how leadership and management styles have made a drastic change over the last 30 years from the my way, or the highway (Hendrix) approach, to a servant leadership approach. Mrs. Hendrix rec all tolded a plaque that use to hang in her bosses office in the 80s that read Beatings and hangings testament continue until morale improves That was the strategy that was used back then, but disregarded the lingering drumhead of Why in the eyes of the employees.Becky addd me with a great analogy that explained the concept of putting a screw into a board with a hammer. You notify bewilder a Screw into a board with a hammer, and it allow go in however, both she screw and the board will end up everlastingly damaged and the board will eventually wiggle loose. (Hendrix) Short term results can be achieved through toxic leadership, but long term goals will almost always fail. Through come to the fore her experience with Professional Care Services, Becky noticed that approach being used, and vowed to change it within her area of leadership. She attributes her success to that very idea. intemperate inter own(prenominal) skills are one of the most all important(p) characteristics she outlined for me. By that, she means take time to be kind (Hendrix). To achieve positive results out of the people in which she works with, Becky turned her division upside down (Hendrix) or transitioned to a servant leadership philosophy. She wanted her employees to feel equal the death chair of the company was someone who not only cared about(predicate) them and their concerns, but wanted to be someone who they could come to with any problem s or ideas they have. Seek first to deduct before you try to be understood. (Hendrix) By taking time through charismatic leadership to be kind to her employees, and being empathetic toward their work and personal lives, Becky was able to achieve above average results out of average people.The ability to shut up and listen is a key trait one must(prenominal) have to be a correct leader. I asked her if she thought that by being friendly to her employees, and getting to go through them personally interfered with her ability to delegate. Becky responded by stating that if you are firm but fair, honest and straight forward with people at all times, you will in turn commandeer respect from your employees which will take into account both parties the requirement tools to excel in their respective positions. ane must beware, however, of being insincere, because everyone will see right through you and lose all respect. One must lead by example and be constantly and actively aware on a daily basis that everyone is watching the leaders and copy their actions after yours. People dont care what you know until they know that you care (Hendrix).Another key trait that Becky noted was that leaders are the ones who are willing to get up and try it. When she was in her infant stage of leadership, she volunteered to run the store, for one of the managers. She just threw me the keys and walked out the door I was scared to death, but willing to give it a shot Yeah, I made some mistakes but I also learned how to keep from making them again. (Hendrix) Leadership is a series of conquering fears and taking on challenges regardless if you have all of the answers. Your mindset must be one of I think I can fix that (Hendrix). She closed the discussion on leadership traits and skills with a quote from one of her favorite authors, Zig Ziglar. If you want to get all you can out oflife, you must first help others to get all they can out of life (Hendrix).I told Mrs. Hendrix that she had given me some great insight as to what traits and skills were necessary to being a leader among women, but wanted to know more. For me really get an idea of how these ideas and theories can be put into practice, I needed to know how one goes about actually doing these things while being in a high workload-high stress position on a daily basis. Becky stated that it all starts with the golden rule of treating others the way you want to be treated. Take time to stop and think about each comment that you make. People will reckon the things that you say and the way they perceive you. Always make a conscious effort wear a smile on your face (even if you dont feel like it) when dealing with others. When you are in a position of authority, people will naturally fear you, and model your emotions.If you want to employees to be happy, just act happy around them. Secondly, one must make it a point to address others by name at least twice in every conversation. Becky requires every one of the part time employees in her organization to wear a name tag so that she can remember their names and something about them. This is very difficult to do however when you have over 187 people working on your team. For that reason one must use their resources. Becky mandatory her managers to know some personal details about each employee that worked in their store. They would hold special team building events outside of work such as an evening out on the town. When Becky makes a visit to a store, she would first brief herself with the manager about the employees who worked there.She would want to know who was doing well, and a little about their personal lives. She would then go to those people and praise them in front of their co-workers. A good strategy to use is to always praise in groups, and point out in private. (Hendrix) When dealing with problematic employees, many managers unknowingly work around them for fear of having to deal with their complaints. When this occurs, the leader is actually rewarding the bad employee, and punishing the good employees by making them do the other persons work. This causes the good employees to slack off and learn to complain in order to get what they want. If you dont like what is being done, you better check what is being rewarded (Hendrix).Another Key practice Becky discussed was the power of questioning. During our interview, Becky performed a card trick to prove a point. She had selected the 6 of diamonds and laid it face down on the desk without my knowledge. She then told me that I was going to figure out what the solution to the problem was (what card was on the desk). She began to ask me a series of questions that caused me to rule out various suites and numbers of cards. I was astonished to find out that after only a few questions, I had figured out what card was on the desk. It made me feel like I had rationally come up with the solution on my own, thus making me feel important about my accomplishment. Rathe r than criticize others, ask them questions to make them realize on their own what mistakes they are making and how to improve upon them (Hendrix).Finally, I wanted to know how she got to the take aim of understanding that she has achieved as a leader. From the standpoint of a student interested in becoming a leader, how do you get from point A to demo B? Mrs. Hendrix pointed out that you must take time to develop a clearly defined and concise personal mission statement. Furthermore, you must look at it each and every day and think about how you can utilize it in every situation. You must learn to become a student of people, and be able to effectively communicate your visions and goals to others (Hendrix). One can begin by taking initiative in their own environment may it be work, school, tender groups or any other situation you have the opportunity to stand up and be a leader. Be willing to accept the fact that you will fail at times.One who is willing to attempt leadership and fails is better than one who never tried at all. (Hendrix). Listen to what others have to say, and encourage them to provide their input. Never criticize their ideas no matter how bad they may sound to you. This will prevent others from providing feedback that is crucial to your personal development as a leader. just about of all, Becky left me with the idea that leaders must have character and honesty. Leaders are born from the heart, not created or placed into their roles. Always act as a servant to others and listen to what they have to say. Toxic and Tyrannical leadership will spread like wildfire and destroy everything in its path. You have to make people want to do their part in striving for the common good, but be able and willing to do it yourself (Hendrix).ReferencesHendrix, Becky. Executive Director Ashley Vance. 17 October 2014.

Ernst Von Mansfeld Thirty Years

30 Years War Ernst von Mansfeld Ernst von Mansfeld was a German military commander in the Thirty Years War. Although he fought for the Protestant cause, Mansfeld was a Roman Catholic. He was considered one of the most dangerous opponent of the Catholic League. He was born in 1580 as the illegitimate son of Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort and Dorothea von Solms- Lich. In 1594 he served under Archduke Leopold. Then, in 1610 he Joined Frederick V and the Protestant Union. At the age 36 he led his first command of 2000 men.He fought for the Protestant Union until he died from illness in November, 1626. In the gipsy Phase of the Thirty Years War Mansfeld led an army of 2000 men, raised by the Duke of Savoy, to service the Bohemian rebels. He successfully siege the Bohemian city of Pilsen in 1618. Mansfeld was defeated in the Battle of Sablat after being inactive for a while. At the Battle of White Mountain Masfeld and his hugs were defeated, and in shortly after forced to surre nder Pilsen to the Catholics. Toward the end of the Bohemian Phase King Frederick V selected Mansfeld to lead is Bohemian man.Following this he undertook Fredericks position in Upper Palatinate. He then moved into Rhenish Palatinate. This allowed Mansfeld to successfully defend against Johann Tserclaes, the Count of Tillys attempt at overtaking Bohemian rebel regiments. He also was defeated by Tilly twice. Mansfelds troops were very destructive, not only to the lands of his enemy, but to the lands he was supposed to defend. During the Palatine Phase of the Thirty Years War Mansfeld raised another of Frederick Vs armies in an effort to recover Palastine.The effort was a failure, because he was once again defeated by Tilly. Then Mansfeld was disposed(p) an army of 12,000 men by James I of England. These troops were sent into the Dutch city of Breda as an attempt of relief for the Siege of Breda, but the troops were not permitted set foot on land, and Breda fell in 1625. Mansfeld led the remainder of his army to Dutch lands, where they were once again defeated by Habsburg forces. Mansfeld proceed to fght. He led his forces to Bergen-op-Zoom, a Dutch city seiged by the Spainish in 1622. This led to the relief of the city.Mansfeld spent 1624 and 1625 raising an anti-Habsburg army. He led this coalition in a march on Bohemia in 1626, but in a turn of events Mansfeld was forced to turn to Hungary. He intended on returning to his instauration after being defeated by Tilly once again. On his return home Mansfeld fell ill, and on November 29, 1626 he died in Bosnia. Mansfeld was a great force to be reckoned with during Thirty years War. The Protestant Union can contribute much ot their success during the early phases ot the war. He was remarkable because he fought for the Protestant cause while remaining a faithful Catholic.

Teen Driving Project

Teen crashes are a constant problem in our society. Teens are extremely likely to pee into a crash within the first 6 months of driving. Teens forget to scan the road for hazards that may harm them, drive to fast for road conditions or organism distracted. TeenDiving.com says that distractions, drowsiness, texting, and driving under the influence are the absolute main reasons for teen crashes. Anything from putting you confineup on to drinking alcohol, even to falling asleep, can bad put your life in danger. An online poll of 16-19 year olds showed that over 50% admitted that they text while driving, this is completely unacceptable. When you know you are doing something that can kill you and you dont stop. Teens mobilize they are invincible when they truly are not, and thats what they have to realize to stop they naive behavior.If they are in a crash they have to know that it is in-chief(postnominal) to call the police if it is serious or if anyone is suffer. Also none of the c ars should be moved before pictures have been taken or the police say that I is okay. Its important that you call the police before anyone else. Even if the other drive doesnt agree, some states mandate it. Then you can call your insurance agent and make any appropriate claims if needed.More teens should take a device drivers ed class to learn more about benefitting their safety. Parents and teachers and even their old siblings can have a coarse influence on them. Teens just need to be shown that a crash can be seriously bad for everyone in every way. Whether its some hurt or killed or someones money going towards some else car. http//teendriving.com/driving-tips/on-the-road/avoiding-accidentsThe problem can be solved by having more teens take drivers ed. Ive learned so often from this class and it has made me I better driver. I encourage everyone every teenager to take this class. I personally plan to get my friends to sign up so that they can be safe as well. I feel like I can h elp them be a better driver if they took the class and that they will benefit just as much as I did.

Roles & Responsibilities in Lifelong Learning

The utilisations and responsibilities of a instructor inwardly in the womb-to-tomb submit domain cause been regulate and developed by a point of factors. From cultural changes, greater understanding of study styles and the laws which goern the preparation community as a whole. In this essay I testament cover some of roles and responsibilities of a instructor and the relationships surrounded by teachers and the the various stakeholders in the LLS. I hope to illustrate the obscure network of relationships in the midst of the one-on-one and the lord bodies in this sector.Teach tit/Verb 1. impart knowledge to or instruct (someone) as to how to do something. The definition above doesnt take into account the context of the information transaction itself. Teachers directly are governed by a series of legislation, regulatory requirements and codes of pract trash which together underpin the victor boundaries which educators should take inside. The broad range of a teac hers responsibilities begins with basic tasks such as recording attending or complying with disciplinary procedures to understanding the complex needs of their apprentices.Every teacher is responsible for the health, safety and welfare of the prentices in the classroom. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the legislation which underpins a teachers duty of care to their students. beyond the physical safety of a learner a teacher must also ensure they congruous skipper standards and follow the rules and counseling of apportion bodies. par & diversity in teaching is provided for by the Equality Act 2010 which covers nine protected characteristics.It is the function of the teacher to promote and uphold the principles of fairness and inclusivity in the classroom. deterioration is one of these protected characteristics a teacher is required to make reasonable adjustments for learners with disabilities rationality on the impairment. e. g a reader for a blind learner o r written materials for a deaf learner. muchover where this is not practical or unavailable a teacher should locate additional incite.My experience inside the long learning sector is very throttle however I have adopted the role of a teacher whilst working in the younker employment sector I coordinate the topical anesthetic authorities apprenticeship programme and part of the role has required me to run seances for young people searching for employment. I would facilitate workshops at the Jobcentre Plus It was my role to get along for a suitable learning environment and subscribe to an appropriate venue, and ensure handouts and resources are available for any participants.In my experience working within recruitment for a local authority the principles of equality and inclusivity are strengthened into our procedurees ensuring all stakeholders are free from discrimination and exclusion. I would adapt my approach in the workshops by extend the case studies functiond t o reflect the cultural visibleness of the workshop participants. It is hugely valuable to detect and allow for for differing learner needs. Dunn and Dunn, 1993 say matching teaching proficiency with learning styles signifi bottomtly improves learning outcomes.The process of light uponing learning styles and modifying of teaching techniques is knget as differentiation. Differentiation is.. the process of identifying, with each learner, the most rough-and-ready strategies for achieving agree targets. 1 ( air jacketon 1992) The JCP sessions are stand-alone and in this context I am unable to understand prior to the session the individual learner needs. It was my responsibility to carefully curriculum the content of the workshop and the activities it contained to suit a variety of learner needs.To improve the sessions I could include powerpoint presentations, discourse the programme and set-up role play activities to cover the visual, audio & kinaesthetic learning styles. (VAK) To improve the JCP groups engagement I would usually arrange for an existing apprentice to join the workshop to offer an insider perspective and act as a live case study which the young people washbowl identify with. The apprentice can relate to the group with and this proves the most oil-bearing part of the session and is intended to rear deep learning.Deep learning is fundamentally concerned with the worldly concern of knowledge, which the learner is able to relate to their own experience and use to understand new experiences and contexts. John West Bernhams,Understand Learning Page 8 (Article) This comprehensive approach is shown to improve motivation, and has always improved the value of the workshop and enhanced the session. There are legion(predicate) types of teaching role each with their own characteristics. From specialised teachers which tend to have particular knowledge and skill to trainers who use techniques to deliver information for a particular task.In the p rox I hope to adopt a different role I plan to act as a mentor to an apprentice. My role will be to provide guidance and support to an individual based on their needs. Mentoring is a 1-2-1 relationship which can mean I will either challenge or champion the mentee depending on the situation. In playacting as a mentor I must observe my employers procedures and policies which whitethorn affect the frequency of the session or the protocols I should follow if difficulties arise. As I mentioned in the trigger a teacher is not just the conduit for learning They are almost always part of a larger organisation.It was the responsibility of the teacher to adopt and implement their organisations policies. A class teacher forms part of a chain and will enunciate to year leaders a eadteacher, Governing body, local authority to the part of Education. The Department of Education is the giving medication body responsible for the oversight of pedagogy in England. Teachers and the organisations they work within must meet maestro standards. The Office for Standards in Education, Childrens Services and Skills (Ofsted) is the non-ministerial government department which reports directly to parliament.Its slow is to inspect and regulate education and training for learners of all ages and for inspecting and regulating those services which care for children and young people. From feat to safeguarding, as a teacher it would be my responsibility to be scrutinised by Ofsted and ensure my activities meet the concord standards. Like most professional fields in that location are boundaries which must be observed by teachers. These can range from the syllabus, timescales, resources, awarding bodies to government policies. Each of these factors may have layers of external contri preciselying factors which influence them in turn.Ofqual, who regulate qualifications, examinations and assessments in England (http//ofqual. gov. uk), came to prominence last summer over GCSE re-grading de cisions. Although it did not directly impact on teachers it illustrates the interaction between two stakeholders in the sector. An awarding body will have clear codes of apply which must be adhered to, in order tallow for accurate quality assurance and standardisation on results. It is important for teachers to understand where professional boundaries lie.For example in some cases where an individual learners needs requires the assistance of expert ease it must be sought. Attempting to support the learner without seeking expert advice may have a prohibit effect on the individual as well as others. Often a teachers role is to signpost learners to the best resources. In a school context this may mean tell someone to a more specialised teacher in the organisation or an external support like a Local Authority service. Keeping abreast of the support available is an important part of navigating these boundaries.connection a professional association such as the Institute for Learning or researching best physical exertion using the truth Gateway are recommended ways to keep up good practice robed and fresh. The government create Teacher Standards. These standards set the minimum requirements for teachers practice and conduct. They are devised by educators and are in part in that location to ensure positive learning environment is sustained. It is particularly important in the lifelong learning sector to foster a supportive and safe learning environment.For instance adult students may have had a negative experience of education so it is essential that from day one ground rules are agreed upon and the teacher plans activities that will allow students to build relationships. without ground rules, disruption may sink and affect the learning of your group Gravels. A, (PTLLS 2008 pg 7) An effective way of promoting consensus in ground rules and compliance is giving the learners the prospect to devise the rulebook themselves. In this model a teachers role is to f acilitate the decision-making process and find the outcome.By contributing as a group they each take ownership of their individual responsibility to follow the rules. In handing over this decision-making process the teacher will begin to build a believe relationship with the learners are more likely to follow the rules they have devised over rules they are forced to adopt The techniques and activities employ by a teacher can help to build jimmy and promote appropriate demeanor in class. The use of pair work, and small group activities can help to forge relationships and engender respect amongst the learners.A great ice breaker activity which includes the entire group can be an effective way to begin this process. A teacher would set the task and ensure everyone is included. Ive talked about some examples of the roles and responsibilities of teachers with the lifelong learning sector, but in reality these are limited to what Ive described. Beyond the walls of the classroom there are a multitude of organisations, professional bodies and resources which exist to develop and support Teachers. Each of them play a role in providing the appropriate checks and balances needed to ensure a healthy, evolving sector.Roles & Responsibilities in Lifelong LearningThe roles and responsibilities of a teacher within in the lifelong learning sector have been shaped and developed by a range of factors. From cultural changes, greater understanding of learning styles and the laws which govern the education community as a whole. In this essay I will cover some of roles and responsibilities of a teacher and the relationships between teachers and the the various stakeholders in the LLS. I hope to illustrate the complex network of relationships between the individual and the professional bodies in this sector.Teach tit/ Verb 1. impart knowledge to or instruct (someone) as to how to do something.The definition above doesnt take into account the context of the information transactio n itself. Teachers today are governed by a series of legislation, regulatory requirements and codes of practice which together underpin the professional boundaries which educators should operate within.The broad range of a teachers responsibilities begins with basic tasks such as recording attendance or complying with disciplinary procedures to understanding the complex needs of their learners. Every teacher is responsible for the health, safety and welfare of the learners in the classroom. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the legislation which underpins a teachers duty of care to their students. Beyond the physical safety of a learner a teacher must also ensure they meet professional standards and observe the rules and guidance of awarding bodies.Equality & diversity in teaching is provided for by the Equality Act 2010 which covers nine protected characteristics. It is the responsibility of the teacher to promote and uphold the principles of fairness and inclusivity in the classroom. Disability is one of these protected characteristics a teacher is required to make reasonable adjustments for learners with disabilities based on the impairment. e.g a reader for a blind learner or written materials for a deaf learner. Furthermore where this is not practical or unavailable a teacher should locate additional support.My experience within the lifelong learning sector is very limited however I have adopted the role of a teacher whilst working in the youth employment sector I coordinate the local authorities apprenticeship programme and part of the role has required me to run sessions for young people searching for employment. I would facilitate workshops at the Jobcentre Plus It was my role to arrange for a suitable learning environment and select an appropriate venue, and ensure handouts and resources are available for all participants.In my experience working within recruitment for a local authority the principles of equality and inclusivity are built i nto our processes ensuring all stakeholders are free from discrimination and exclusion. I would adapt my approach in the workshops by broadening the case studies used to reflect the cultural profile of the workshop participants.It is hugely important to detect and cater for differing learner needs. Dunn and Dunn, 1993 say matching teaching technique with learning styles significantly improves learning outcomes. The process of identifying learning styles and modifying of teaching techniques is known as differentiation.Differentiation is.. the process of identifying, with each learner, the most effective strategies for achieving agreed targets.1 (Weston 1992)The JCP sessions are stand-alone and in this context I am unable to understand prior to the session the individual learner needs. It was my responsibility to carefully plan the content of the workshop and the activities it contained to suit a variety of learner needs. To improve the sessions I could include powerpoint presentation s, discuss the programme and set-up role play activities to cover the visual, audio & kinaesthetic learning styles. (VAK)To improve the JCP groups engagement I would usually arrange for an existing apprentice to join the workshop to offer an insider perspective and act as a live case study which the young people can identify with. The apprentice can relate to the group with and this proves the most productive part of the session and is intended to elicit deep learning.Deep learning is fundamentally concerned with the creation of knowledge, which the learner is able to relate to their own experience and use to understand new experiences and contexts.John West Bernhams,Understand Learning Page 8 (Article)This inclusive approach is shown to improve motivation, and has always improved the value of the workshop and enhanced the session.There are many types of teaching role each with their own characteristics. From specialised teachers which tend to have particular knowledge and skill to trainers who use techniques to deliver information for a particular task. In the future I hope to adopt a different role I plan to act as a mentor to an apprentice. My role will be to provide guidance and support to an individual based on their needs. Mentoring is a 1-2-1 relationship which can mean I will either challenge or champion the mentee depending on the situation. In acting as a mentor I must observe my employers procedures and policies which may affect the frequency of the session or the protocols I should follow if difficulties arise.As I mentioned in the introduction a teacher is not just the conduit for learning They are almost always part of a larger organisation. It was the responsibility of the teacher to adopt and implement their organisations policies. A class teacher forms part of a chain and will report to year leaders a eadteacher, Governing body, local authority to the Department of Education. The Department of Education is the governing body responsible for the oversight of education in England.Teachers and the organisations they work within must meet professional standards. The Office for Standards in Education, Childrens Services and Skills (Ofsted) is the non-ministerial government department which reports directly to parliament. Its remit is to inspect and regulate education and training for learners of all ages and for inspecting and regulating those services which care for children and young people. From performance to safeguarding, as a teacher it would be my responsibility to be scrutinised by Ofsted and ensure my activities meet the agreed standards.Like most professional fields there are boundaries which must be observed by teachers. These can range from the syllabus, timescales, resources, awarding bodies to government policies. Each of these factors may have layers of external contributing factors which influence them in turn. Ofqual, who regulate qualifications, examinations and assessments in England (http//ofqual.gov.uk) , came to prominence last summer over GCSE re-grading decisions. Although it did not directly impact on teachers it illustrates the interaction between two stakeholders in the sector. An awarding body will have clear codes of practice which must be adhered to, in order tallow for accurate quality assurance and standardisation on results.It is important for teachers to understand where professional boundaries lie. For example in some cases where an individual learners needs requires the assistance of expert help it must be sought. Attempting to support the learner without seeking expert advice may have a negative effect on the individual as well as others. Often a teachers role is to signpost learners to the best resources. In a school context this may mean directing someone to a more specialised teacher in the organisation or an external support like a Local Authority service.Keeping abreast of the support available is an important part of navigating these boundaries. Joining a prof essional association such as the Institute for Learning or researching best practice using the Excellence Gateway are recommended ways to keep up good practice polished and fresh. The government publish Teacher Standards. These standards set the minimum requirements for teachers practice and conduct. They are devised by educators and are in part there to ensure positive learning environment is sustained.It is particularly important in the lifelong learning sector to foster a supportive and safe learning environment. For instance adult students may have had a negative experience of education so it is essential that from day one ground rules are agreed upon and the teacher plans activities that will allow students to build relationships. without ground rules, disruption may occur and affect the learning of your group Gravels. A, (PTLLS 2008 pg 7)An effective way of promoting consensus in ground rules and compliance is giving the learners the opportunity to devise the rulebook themselv es. In this model a teachers role is to facilitate the decision-making process and respect the outcome. By contributing as a group they each take ownership of their individual responsibility to follow the rules. In handing over this decision-making process the teacher will begin to build a trusting relationship with the learners are more likely to follow the rules they have devised over rules they are forced to adoptThe techniques and activities used by a teacher can help to build respect and promote appropriate behaviour in class. The use of pair work, and small group activities can help to forge relationships and engender respect amongst the learners. A great ice breaker activity which includes the entire group can be an effective way to begin this process. A teacher would set the task and ensure everyone is included.Ive talked about some examples of the roles and responsibilities of teachers with the lifelong learning sector, but in reality these are limited to what Ive described . Beyond the walls of the classroom there are a multitude of organisations, professional bodies and resources which exist to develop and support Teachers. Each of them play a role in providing the appropriate checks and balances needed to ensure a healthy, evolving sector.

Production Lay-outs

Product layout or assembly limn is knowing to conduct crops that atomic number 18 manufactured using specialized machines in an assembly line (Product lay-out). Each line is numbered to address special(prenominal) requirements of a intersection locate line in a sequential manner. on that point is a smooth flow of production (i.e. conveyor-supported) from one specialized machine to an new(prenominal) which is desirable in mass production where demand is predictable while volumes atomic number 18 high. This type of layout, therefore, is fitted in producing consumer products for a command market rather than producing for several segments of the market.The advantages of the product layout are its order and efficient processes that burn lead to prompt customer response and less demand on lead times. It also promotes cheap labor because scientific discipline requirements are low that causes relaxation of high salaries. Although this layout is efficient and easy to use, it is highly inflexible because a assortment in one assembly line can lead bottleneck in its production. Further, in product development, acquiring a whole new set of machines and working area is necessary to address specific requirements of the product. When demand is low, the assets can be underutilized.As it produces ships and airplanes, fixed position layout is a technique utilise to vulnerable, hard-to-move and specialized products (Layout and Flow). Factors of production (e.g. labor, machine, equipments and tools) are required to meet in a single production location to handle manufacturing tasks there. It is customary to leave machines in the website when not used to bar breakage or damaged in addition to the costly transportation required for pull-out and getting back to the site.Further, to minimize the high ceiling in acquiring new machines, roughly companies are using contractual leases because their use of the machines is under exceptional time frame. Its advantages a re reduced movement of machines that aids in minimizing risk of damage or woolly-headed and continuity of processes because the need for re-planning is reduced as people meet in one place. However, some of its disadvantages implicate are higher salaries as workers must agree specific skills to finish the project, movement of people/ machines to site can be in truth costly and idle machines can have low utilization because they detain idle rather use for productive means when the production is at cease.Unlike fixed position, available or process layout distinguish the work group into different departments that give rise to different and lucid workstation (Facility layout). As production is intermittent and batched, functional layout is compatible in serving different market segments that have highly differentiated needs. Compared to product layout, volumes are deemably low while the demand can waffle considerably from one period to another. There is specialization in function al layout such as interval of men, women and childrens clothes in a department store.Machines in this layout are for general use while workers are knowledgeable on how to operate machines within their station. The advantage of this layout is opposite the disadvantage of product layout (i.e. flexibility) while the vice versa is also true (i.e. functional layout is inefficient). Disadvantages such as backtracking, bottlenecks and delays are common. Further, the storage rooms for raw materials are huge while inventories of the finished products are low because they are immediately delivered to customers. The critical issue to consider in this layout is to find the race of each station to machine centers to establish a more space-efficient design between them.To address the issue to space-efficiency between send and machine centers, cellular layout is idealized to combine the advantages of product and functional layouts (i.e. efficiency and flexibility). Cells represent a workstatio n that produces similar customer requirements. A machine that cannot be allocated in space is strategically located between cells that require machine processing to create a point of use. The usual design is that the assembly line is observed in producing components and parts while process layout take-over the relationship of each component-producing cell.With the use of information systems, locating cells and identifying idle machines can be easily carried out. Resulting to substantial paperwork to concord the cellular layout, workers can also operate machines within their departments like functional layout. Its advantages are reduction in material handing and transit time, minimal set-up time, minimized work-in-progress, efficient use of human capital, control and automation. On the other hand, it can have backlash such as absence of sufficient number of part stations to create cells, imbalanced cells, more training and strict allocation of workers and increased capital expenditu re.Justification of the most appropriate layoutAlthough challenging to establish, the current environment and production needs of Manychip should use cellular layout. First, its plant and gross sales channels are located in developed economies where prime(a) and expensive human resources are dwelling. Second, it operates in a highly volatile demand that can be easily affected by environmental changes that flexibility is required to prevent cost associated with over-forecasting. Third, it is carrying only six main memory chip products which potential have significant similarities in design and internal parts. This will enable creation of cells because the number of stations is sufficient.Fourth, its operations in asset-intensive while its depreciation can significantly affect its profitability. When cellular layout is adopted, assembly lines can efficiently produce component parts for the six product lines which will prevent idle machines. On the other hand, functional layout are f lexible that can be applied when orders are placed and products are ready for final assembly. Fifth, the production of Manychip requires high lead times which can be minimized when applied with cellular manufacturing as components are ready to undergo assembly once order is in place.On having greater agility, Manychip will not loose quality systems because specific stations are under stand-by flair that can be called if random quality test is necessary. With the consideration of the three conditions, approval of cellular layout is very necessary. Different components can create cells, the administrative group can act like a quality group in which case a station can be brought up for them near their individual process interests and shipment in different geographical location can be addressed by timely delivery of products. However, Manychip must consider that substantial funding is required to establish a hybridizing strategy such as cellular manufacturing. It must also monitor it s product development programs to prevent dissolution of important cells.ReferencesProduct lay-out (unknown). UWM. Available Accessed on 6 August 2007Facility layout (unknown). SNC. Available from http//www.snc.edu/socsci/ conduct/333/bricks/Layout.html Accessed on 6 August 2007Layout and Flow (1997). Pearsoned. Available Accessed on 6 August 2007

Hades/ Underworld : Greek Mythology Essay

Since the days when man lived in caves and struggled to survive, query about the world that surrounds him. What makes the sun rise and set? Why are thither sea newss? Where do things go when they run short? To the ancient Hellenics, thither were simple explanations to all these questions it was the divinity fudges Things that seemed unexplainable could suddenly make sense when there were gods and goddesses involved. And these stories of the gods that the classicals created to help make sense of the universe have survived the years to become a treasured and intrinsical part of the history of the Western world.The classical on a lower floorworld, in mythology, was a place where souls went after death and was the classical idea of hereafter. At the moment of death the soul was separated from the corpse, taking on the shape of the originator person, and was transported to the entrance of the pits. infernal region realm itself was described as being either at the outer bou nds of the ocean or beneath the depths or abates of the earth. It was considered the dark counterpart to the brightness of Mount Olympus, and was the kingdom of the departed that corresponded to the kingdom of the gods. hellhole was a realm invisible to the living and it was made solely for the dead.The inferno, better cognise as Hades after the god who ruled it, was a dark and dreary place where the tonicitys, or souls, of those who died lived. A persons whole life was planned and plotted by the Fates. The Fates were the three goddesses who controlled the destiny of everyone from the time they were natural to the time they died. They were Clotho, the spinner, who spun the thread of a persons life, Lachesis, the apporitioner, who decided how much times was to be allowed individually person, and Atropos, the inevitable, who cut the thread when you were supposed to die.When Atropos cut your thread you were dead and then you made your journey to Hades. Upon death, the shade is led by Hermes to the entrance of the Underworld and to the banks of the Ac fighter aircraftn. There were five rivers that made up the Underworld. They were the Acheron (the river of woe), Cocytus (the river of lamentation), Phlegethon (river of fire), Lethe (river of forgetfulness), and the Styx (river of hate). This poem, written by an anonymous writer, was written about the rivers in the Underworld.Abhorred Styx, the flood of deadly hate, Sad Acheron of sorrow black and involved Cocytus depictd of lamentation loud Heard on the rueful stream fierce Phlegethon Whose waves of torrent fire fire with rage. Far off from these a slow and silent stream, Lethe, the river of oblivion, rolls Her watery labyrinth, whereof who drinks Forthwith his former state and being forgets, Forgets both joy and grief, pleasure and pain. Hades (Aides, Aidoneus, or Haides), the son of Kronos and brother of Zeus and Poseidon, was the Greek god of the underworld. When the world was divided between the son s of Cronos, Zeus received the heavens, Poseidon the sea, and Hades the underworld the earth itself was divded between the three. Therefore, date Hades responsibility was in the Underworld, he was allowed to have power on earth as well. However, Hades himself is rarely seen outside his domain, and to those on earth his intentions and personality are a mystery.In art and belles-lettres Hades is depicted as stern and dignified, tho not a fierce torturer or devil-like. However, Hades was considered the enemy to all life and was hated by both the gods and men sacrifices and prayers did not appease him so mortals rarely tried. He was too not a tormenter of the dead, and sometimes considered the Zeus of the dead because he was hospitable to them. Those who received punishment in Tartarus were assigned by the other gods seeking vengeance.In Greek society, many viewed Hades as the least liked god and many gods even had an aversion towards him, and when passel would sacrifice to Hades, it would be if they wanted revenge on an enemy or something terrible to happen to them Hades was sometimes referred to as Pluto and was represented in a lighter way here, he was considered the giver of wealth, since the crops and the blessing of the harvest come from below the earth. Persephone (also known as Kore) was the daughter of Demeter, the goddess of the harvest, and Zeus. Persephone was abducted by Hades, whom desired a wife.When Persephone was gathering flowers, she was entranced by a narcissus flower planted by Gaia (to lure her to the Underworld as a favor to Hades), and when she picked it the earth suddenly opened up. Hades, appearing in a gilded chariot, seduced and carried Persephone into the underworld. When Demeter found out that Zeus had given Hades permission to abduct Persephone and guard her as a wife, Demeter became enraged at Zeus and stopped growing harvests for the earth. To soothe her, Zeus sent Hermes to the Underworld to take Persephone back to her mother.However, Hades made her eat a pomegranate seed so that she was forever fix to the underworld, since the pomegranate seed was sacred to the underworld. When one would die, the family would place one obol, or a coin, under the deceaseds tongue. This coin would pay as fare to Charon who would ferry the dead over the Acheron River. Charon is the ferryman who is often depicted as an old sulky man, or as a winged demon carrying a take over hammer. Those who cannot afford to pay Charon were doomed to wonder the banks of the Acheron River for one hundred years.The Greeks had a definite belief that there was a journey to the afterlife or some other world. They believed that death was not a complete end to life or human existence. The Greeks accepted the existence of the soul after death, but saw this afterlife as meaningless. In the underworld, the identity of a dead person good-tempered existed, but it had no efficacy or true influence. Rather, the continuation of the existence of the soul in the Underworld was considered a remembrance of the event that the dead person had existed, and while the soul sboulder clay existed, it was inactive.However, the price of death was considered a great one. homing pigeon believed that the best possible existence for humans was to never be born at all, or die soon after birth, because the greatness of life could never balance the price of death. The Greek gods only rewarded heroes who were still living heroes that died were ignored in the afterlife. However, it was considered very important to the Greeks to honor the dead and was seen as a emblem of piety. Those who did not respect the dead opened themselves to the punishment of the gods for example, Odysseus ensured Ajaxs burial, or the gods would be angered.Guarding the Underworld was the three-headed firedog Cerberus. He permitted new spirits to enter, but never one to leave. When you arrived at the Underworld, three judges determine your sentence. They were Rha damanthus, Minos the first, and Aeacus. Rhadamanthus, the son of Zeus and Europa, was rewarded to be judge because of the justice he showed on Earth. Minos the First, the son of Zeus and Europa, was another judge who, before he died, was the ruler of Crete, and most know him from the story of Theseus and the Minotaur.The third judge is Aeacus, the son of Zeus and the nymph Aegina, assisted Poseidon and Apollo build the moles of the city Troy. After his death Zeus rewarded him the position of judge. You could go to three different places in the Underworld, depending on your life on Earth and what you had done. Most shades went to the Asphodel Fields, but before any entered, drinking from the Lethe River was a must, causing one to forget everything that had happened in a yesteryear life. Asphodel was an ugly , gray, ghostly weed that covered the Fields.This place was for the normal, everyday person, who did nothing special in his or her life. The second place they could go was the E lysian Fields or Elysium. Elysium was reserved for the heroes, or state the gods favored. tied(p) feasts, banquets, and hunts were held there. The third and final place you could go to was the lowest region of the world, called Tartarus. It was surrounded by a wall of bronze and beyond that three-fold layer of night. Tartarus, presided over by Kronos, was where the souls went who had defied the gods in some way.The Hundred-headed Giants guarded it. Around Tartarus is Phlegethon, with its flames and opposition rocks. One of the Furies, Tisiphone, sits upon the iron tower, with her bloody robe, and sleepless day and night, guards the entrance. Few people dwell in the Underworld, because of its somberness and darkness. Hades, the King of the Dead, rules over the entire Underworld. The god was a dread figure to the living, who were quite careful how they swore oaths to his name. To many people, to utter his name was frightening, so they used another word in its place.Since all preci ous minerals came from under the earth, the people thought of Hades as very wealthy. He was was sometimes referred to as Ploutos, meaning wealth. This accounts for the name given him by the Romans, who called him Pluto. Hades sits on a throne of ebony and carries a scepter. He also has a helmet that makes him invisible, given to him by the Cyclopes( I would love to barrow that sometime). Persephone, Hadess wife, also lives with him in his palace. Along with Charon, the ferryman, the Furies live down there also. The furies are the three daughters of Mother Earth, conceived from the blood of Uranus.They were powerful goddesses that personified conscience and punish people for their crimes. They were Megaera (jealousy), Tisiphone (blood avenger), and Alecto (unceasing in pursuit). They were usually depicted as winged women with serpent hair. When called upon they would hound their victims till they died in a rage of madness or suicide. Orpheus, a poet and musician that had almost supe rnatural abilities to attain anyone to his music, descended to the Underworld as a living mortal to retrieve his dead wife after she was bitten by a poisonous rattlesnake on their wedding day Eurydice.With his lyre playing skills, he was able to throw off a spell on the guardians of the underworld and move them with his music. 54 With his beautiful voice he was able to commute Hades and Persephone to allow he and his wife to return to the living. The rulers of the Underworld agreed, but under one circumstance Eurydice would have to follow behind Orpheus and he could not turn around to look at her. at one time Orpheus reached the entrance, however, he turned around, longing to look at his beautiful wife, only to watch as his wife faded back into the Underworld.He was forbidden to return to the Underworld a second time and he spent his life playing his music to the birds and the mountains. Greek civilization is alive it moves in every hint of mind that we breathe so much of it remains that none of us in one lifetime could absorb it all. Ancient Greeks are known to be one of the greatest and most advanced people and have left behind a legacy that helped define the Western civilization. Cultural diffusion helped bedspread Greek culture all over the world, and its effects can still be felt forthwith in almost every aspect.Greek culture has greatly affected different parts of my insouciant life including architecture, food, government, inventions, music, religion, and education. Modern day architecture in America is greatly influenced by ancient Greek architectural styles, which include columns and decorative elements such as sculptures. The Parthenon is an excellent example of the surviving Greek architecture, and it has excite buildings such as The Capitol Building, Lincoln Memorial, and White House, all of which are located in Washington DC. several(prenominal) of the food one wouldconsume daily has origins from the Greek cuisine. The Underworld is w hat the Greeks and Romans believed you went after you died. It was where everything horrible, evil, and sad lived. If you werent a hero or a favorite of the gods you were sent to that horrible place. What a dreadful thing to look foregoing to after your life was completed on Earth. I hope you enjoyed learning about the Underworld and the beliefs of the Greek and Roman peoples afterlife.

The Failure of the Road Map to Peace

AbstractThe failure of the Roadmap to counterinsurgency has be postdate an object of original debate. This seek examines the encroach utilizing the pattern of practicedness and three political severalisey preventative in coordinate to determine the impact. The evidence presented illustrates the lack of details produced a lack of purportion which led to dodging failure. This study will be of value to both person studying conflict endurance.1 entrywayThe Roadmap to cessation was created to tote up quiet and balance to the Middle eastern hemisphere. This essay examines the failure of the Roadmap demonstrate through the locating of ripeness and terce party noise. With each process, this essay identifies the strengths and weaknesses associated with the method in order to create better understanding. head start with a base overview of the Roadmap to pink of my John this essay sets unwrap a fundamental building prognosticate. Following this with an sagaciousnes s of the ripeness of the stop process will give ups for an illustration of potential, adding to the narrative. Next, will be an examination of third party intervention and the opportunities that this created in the Roadmap process. A combination of these sections will enable the creation of reasonable conclusions based on evidence.In the nullify this essay considers sign policy, modern practice and future potential with the distinctly and stated design of demonstrating the strengths and weaknesses of international conflict colonisation.2 Roadmap to Peace2.1 OverviewWith the failure of the Ameri feces chairwoman Bill Clinton to forge a lasting peace in the Middle East before leaving office, the consequence intifadah broke out hampering peace trys and increasing regional military force between paradise and Israel. This sudden onslaught rapidly deteriorated e rattling building ripewill between the states and made any form of effect very hard to create. The Roadmap was an causal agency constructed by the major powers Russia, the United Nations, the United States and the European Union in an effort to create peace between Palestine and Israel. With a objective posit to implement a form of occlusion and federation in order to promote international concerns, the Middle East plan was built to resolve some(prenominal) abundant standing issues. Citing the rising tensions in the region, the introduction powers, led by the United States President George W. bush, choose the Roadmap, a concept taken from a 2002 speech created the foundation for the Road Map to Peace. With a clear political impact to be mat up by the failure or conquest of the program, the westsideern Powers and Russia felt that the fourth dimension had come to answer the violence with a bold initiative lookly aimed at ever-changing the status quo.The strategy itself was enacted with three distinct segments in mind, which in resign would provide markers illustrating the progress . The starting signal phase envisioned a form of acceptance between the antagonists which would lead to an end to the on-going violence in the region . As part and parcel of the reform learned, the Palestinian state would undergo elections and fundamental development, frankincense enabling a better informed and in that locationfore less violent commonwealth. Israel in turn would prolong their military assets back as well as allowing normalization of operations in Eastern capital of Israel. This process would allow for a general rising of health conditions alongside the improvement in the aid billet that was being experienced by the general population. A final grammatical constituent of the first phase of the Roadmap hardened a total freeze on expansion settlements, and the but exploration of alternatives . Each of these first locomote was designed with a abundant intent, but few details. However, the intent was to deescalate the tension and creates a perception of unio n that would allow for both Israel and Palestine to expose common ground, thereby inherently reducing the underlying violence and hardship.The second segment of the Roadmap was to take place over the course of the 2003 year. Building on the projections of the first portion, the second phase begins the real work of creating an independent state. This process of development for Palestine required a substantial economic recovery as well as a considerable increase in the lumber of social services available . With increased funding, and environmental assistance this segment brooded the physical rehabilitation of the Palestinian state in order to establish a viable national presence. Once again, the critics of this segment constitute the lack of detail comp ared to the overarching goals. Yet, with the accomplishment of these goals, Israel would restore communication and cooperation with the Palestinians, thereby increasing the communication and opportunity for fusion in the region.T he third and final section of the Roadmap consisted of a second international conference that would herald the line of achievement of the Palestinian state into international recognition. As a consequence of the success of the first and second sections, it was judged that the Palestinians would hand a permanent status as an independent state which would in turn goodly end the conflict . During this third segment many of the most vexing issues surrounding the conflict including the borders of the city Jerusalem would be predicted in order to cement a lasting peace. Further, this final effort would encompass the refugee and settlement issues with a final decree thereby settling each of the comm just now held elements of the conflict.Described as a performance driven strategy, there was no real method of enforcement, oblige the states regard to amass the standards of the Roadmap. With a great deal of mistrust resting between the Palestinians and the Israelia the expectation of t rust and good faith on the part of every player was a significant assumption. With an initial directive of contiguous ceasefire on the part of Palestine alongside the immediate cessation of building by Israel was meant to convey in a very direct manner, that the peace process was moving forward and would impact the most gauzy elements of the conflict.This fundamental endorsement of the two state solutions to the regional conflict by introduction powers signalled the beginning of a political push to solve the long running crises. Both players did not agree to abide by the agreement, Israel nor did Palestine truly meet the guidelines, reservation the effort to keep the Roadmap on track both spoil and pointless.2.1 Failure of the Roadmap2.1.1 RipenessMany elements are at the core of the failure of the Roadmap policy, including lucidity, ripeness of goals and the overall intervention efforts by the larger world powers. With spiralling rates of violence taking their toll on each si de, it was deemed time for intervention by the world powers prior to the creation of the Roadmap. However, not each party convoluted in the conflict hold with that assessment. Wallensteen (2002) identifies the concept of ripeness as the moment of defining readiness for change. With the onset of dialogue and the uptick in desire for a regional solution to the conflict, both the Palestinians and the Israelis seemed ripe for a compromise. With very little ahead of either party without a form of conflict resolution, the long term outlook was dim and growing dimmer.The ripeness of the opportunity led the four major world powers to create and implement the Roadmap to peace even with the lack of clarity . With a clear moment for seizing the reins and changing the narrative, the players in the negotiations sought to accomplish a long held goal in a relatively short period. Further, the foundation goals of the endeavour coordinated with the needs of the population in the moment, yet, the overall lack of clarity and details only led to confusion and skewing of purpose throughout the implementation process. This akin concept of measure was conceived as an integral component of the conciliation resolution effort envisioned in the end goal. However, the lack of any real method of compelling need on the part of either Palestine or Israel both states quickly reneged on the agreement and failed to live up to the expected standards.Another central element of the motif behind the peace plan was the coveted adherence of the stamp down states in region that the American president sought. In a very real way, every step of the peace process in the Middle East was conceived as a result of the need to ensure adequate oil supply from the region. This added many layers of complexity to the already complicated regional environment. As Tristan (2014) notes in his detailed evaluation, despite the lofty goals of the Roadmap, there was not a noticeable advance in the agenda between the beginning of the peace process in 2002 and the scheduled cessation of the conflict in 2005. This wasted opportunity led to a disengagement that resulted in a re-emergence of violence that soon unmake any good the preceding efforts had achieved.Taking away an opportune moment and drastically stoking the anti-Western resentment in the region was the aggression of Iraq only a year after the creation of the Roadmap. This contradiction in goals only advertd to further divide the topical anesthetic area as well as weaken any real oversight that the agreement on. Central to this argument is the need for continual communication and commitment in order to progress, which with the lack of monitoring failed to serve the intended purpose of driving the process forward. With the timing of the American invasion coinciding with the peace effort there was a clear opportunity to view the real views that the West espoused. As the war deteriorated and became a perceived vendetta pursued by th e American President any lasting credibility that the Roadmap had was soon lost.Despite the need for resolution and the continuing commitment for solutions from the neighbours, Israel initially declined the introduce of the Roadmap, instead supplying a long list of conditions that would serve to offset any initial losings a compromise may entail. No matter the funding and benefits offered, the elements of the situation allowed Israel the leverage to institute a series of demands. This recognition of ripeness allowed the Israelis to accomplish much of the dismantling of the Palestinian infrastructure immediately, devising these elements critical to any lasting accord. Lacking any clear detail or direction, the Roadmap was unable to address many of the issues at the regional level, fashioning any form of progress hard. There was a real perception of rudderless direction with no real commitment by the creating powers.Tocci (2013) argues that the outbreak of the second intifada was t he signal of the ripeness of moment in the Israeli and Palestine peace process. With a clear indication by the United States that it would accept the assistance of others to promote peace in the region, the international components all seemed ripe for workings and finding a long term solution . Yet, the complex nature of the conflict negated any affirmable progress, frustrating every party touch.In summation There was a clear perception of opportune timing to be had in the intifada and the desire to de-escalate the conflict by every party involved. This benefit was bolstered by the American Presidents wish to provide a path to a moderate compact in the region that would ensure oil production in the West . Taking away pulse from the proffered Roadmap, thus letting the moment slip past, was the lack of clarity in the fundamental plan, which was large on goals and slight on how to accomplish them. This was further complicated by a lack of understanding of the extraneous parties t hat only resulted in creating or exasperating current conditions. Coupled with the outbreak of the American and Iraqi conflict that illustrated a negative aspect of the Western power, the moment for change was soon lost among the need to serve one owns interest . With the extracurricular powers having to concrete on the conflict in Iraq and Afghanistan there was scant time or funding to provide any meaningful take for for the Roadmap, which in turn consistently small-scale the efforts of each person involved.2.1.2 Third company InterventionThere are three reasons for outside parties to become involved in an international conflict. With elements including traditional alliance compulsions, ethnic or population ties or the presence of humanitarian emergencies are at the centre of these interventions. Many studies contend that the multi-faceted partnership is more effective than the United Nations at implementing an effective assistance effort. Others argue that these situations ofte n present outside entities with opportunities for profit that have nothing to do with the local region. This particular factor makes it very hard for nations such as Palestine and Israel to view the assistance offered by the third party nations with trust. As with any infrastructure built on apprehension, there will be a wide margin of error that will work towards the failure of the overall goal. Most third party efforts are centred on finding a method of compromise that each side can appreciate. By finding factors that appeal to each of the local concerns there is a real opportunity for find common ground that can lead the way to compromise. However, in some cases both sides refuse to yield, reservation any form of progress slight. Others favour the contingency method of third party intervention which entails the identification, creative activity and seq8uencing of the primary elements in order to create a workable solution. In each case, it is necessary for the third parties to find common ground in order to formulate beneficial policy.Third Party intervention in the Middle East was deemed a plausible conflict resolution process by the outside powers that were concerned about the region and its resources . In a very real way, the Roadmap was a product of the need of the larger nations to ensure their line of oil supply and production, which in turn dictated that an alliance of the moderate states in the region come together to accomplish this goal. The four nations outside of the region that were intimately involved with the Roadmap were the United States, Russia, the European Union and the United nations. Each of these entities had their own priorities when dealing with the Middle East, yet, the need for them to come together was made evident the continuing violence and unrest in the region.This conciliatory approach to resolution in the region was obstructed from the outset by the Israeli demands that shifted the tone of the negotiations from the beginni ng. President Bush involved the very prestige of his office in the attempt to reconcile the nations and this initial balking on the part of Israel immediately dampened the prospects for progress in the region. In this case, the American regime was forced to reverse course and allow these changes before even the first step of the Roadmap could be realized. This created a very clear perception of Israel belongings the upper hand in the negotiations. A similar reaction to the third party solution was experienced in Palestine with a dramatic upswing in violence. With no real details in the initial offering each side of the conflict felt oppressed the outside powers played a direct role in the populations discontent. From the very beginning there was the perception by those involved in the process that the parties were going to do what they would despite any opinion held by the outside powers. This identification of this fact fuelled the growing frustration that surrounded the entire R oadmap implementation method.The quartet of powers deemed the primary obstacle of peace to be the inability of both Israel and Palestine to reign in their most extreme components. This perception of disorder on the part of the extremists made the cessation of violence only attainable after both sides agreed to tone down the violence. This initial step was agreed upon by the quartet yet both Israel and Palestine were hard pressed to truly diminish the rate of violence espoused by their population. The only real point of agreement to be found between the states of Israel and Palestine is that another protracted war will very likely destroy both entities. With this element serving to bring the parties back to the table despite the setbacks, there has been a consistent, if not weak, effort to find peace in the region for generations. Turner (2011) argues that the very attempt at building statehood in this manner has first polarized and then paralysed the effort, making the goal unattai nable. This fact is deepen by the lack of regional understanding that the third parties had in regards to local matters.The third party resolution efforts recognized that the areas of settlements and refugees were delicate topics for both the Israelis and the Palestinians. Utilizing summits to attempt to coordinate efforts between the powers, the very direct intervention of the United States President, actively working through Russian and the European Union to build support for the Roadmap, there was an initial sense of accomplishment. This first cessation of hostilities brokered by the outside parties resumed quickly after President Bush left the region, making much of the efforts of the previous months negligible. With facets including the release of political prisoners directed at directly building trust between the states, the third party negotiators found a common goal in the realized reduction in violence. Van Der Maat (2011) contends that the difficulty in the realization of conflict resolution by third parties is the lack of true economic or military vulnerability. With nothing to lose, there is the perception by the local population that the world powers are there only to suit their own ends, which in turn undermines the entire process.Levine, Taylor and Best (2011) illustrate the concept that the third party negotiators during any form of conflict resolution are more likely to take the consolatory approach. While this approach can serve to bring disparate groups to the table, a base lack of understanding will only serve to drive the factors further apart. This very train of events seems to have occurred in the Middle East with the fundamental failure and abandonment of the Roadmap. However, this same study highlights the factor the coming together of three-fold third parties was likely to increase the rate of success by dividing the load.In summationThere was a real perception that the third parties involved in the Roadmap process had their own age ndas, which in turn diminished their single. With each outside nation offering bonuss for compliance, it was in the best interest for both Palestine and Israel to agree to the broad outline proposed. Yet, despite the points agreed upon during unhomogeneous summits there was real lack of progress as the situation would soon devolved to the prior state. Even though there were some economic repercussions, the lack of any direct military or economic ravish in the Middle East created the perception of continued arrogance on the part of the Western powers by the local populations. This continued to increase the tension no matter the financial or economic incentive that the third parties were able to offer. Despite the studies attributing higher rates of success to partnership in third party conflict resolution efforts, the combined lack of details, time and resources contributed to the final failure of the concept.3 ConclusionThis essay has focused on the failure of the Roadmap to peac e in the Middle East utilizing the concepts of ripeness and third-party intervention. The evidence provided has created a compelling narrative that illustrates many of the shortcomings of the peace strategy as well as many of the mistakes made by the outside players in the conflict. Driving the lack progress on nearly every level was a base lack of understanding and detail. Despite the American effort to lay out a broad outline that could in turn become a detailed plan, there was no real motivation for Palestine or Israel to comply. Not only was there a perception of political and economic motivation on the part of the outside entities there was continued perception of poor planning and lack of details.The elements for resolution were in place at the beginning of the process making the initial portion of the Roadmap seem ripe for implementation. Yet, allowing for only a broad design diminished the effectiveness of the program as well as reducing the faith in the third party negotiat ors. With the onset of the Afghanistan and Iraq affair, the perception of the outside powers continued to deteriorate, making the Roadmap ever more difficult to achieve.Despite the conciliatory approach taken by the third parties during the peace process, the refusal by the Palestinians and Israelis to abide by the basic agreements fuelled further dissent. No matter the timing and the desire to find common ground, the complex nature of the disputes between the populations were not be remedied with the shallow solutions provided by the American and Western nations. Further, the self-interest of the outside nations only built on the distrust that the local population continued to evince. Not even the public relations efforts that the President Bush attempted, there was not a method of appeal that lasted for any length of time. This basic fact kept the Roadmap from every truly developing, making each progressive goal nearly impossible to achieve.In the end, despite the timely intervent ion and the multiple partnerships provided by the third parties, the deeply complex nature of the regional disputes found in the Middle East demanded details in the Roadmap that were not present. This lack of direction was the true failure of the strategy, as there was no means to build or produce meaningful change.3 BibliographyAmstutz, M. 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